Lithium-ion batteries lead the market for portable electronics due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and relatively low self-discharge rate. However, the demand for lithium-ion batteries in emerging applications such as electric vehicles and grid storage has placed increased pressure on the supply chain of essential battery materials.

Understanding chemical phenomena around us hinges on grasping the fundamental principles of matter's structure. Every compound is composed of unique atoms structured in specific arrangements. These atoms interact through interactions, producing entirely new products. By investigating these events, we can decode the complexity of matter's behavior.

Chemical creation is a pillar of modern society. From the pharmaceuticals that alleviate disease to the products that build our environment, chemical reactions are crucial to our well-being. Through the precise manipulation of atoms and components, chemists forge a vast range of materials that define our world. Leveraging the artificial manufacture